Prevalence of autoantibodies neuromyelitis optica (NMO igg) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) in NMOSD and the relationship between them in the general population

---

Original Article

Author Details : Flavia J Almeida, Alap Christy*, Raj Jatale, Shibani Ramchandran

Volume : 10, Issue : 4, Year : 2024

Article Page : 190-196

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijn.2024.041

Suggest article by email

Get Permission

---

Abstract

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (anti-MOG) syndromes are inflammatory conditions of the central nervous system that often involve the optic nerves and spinal cord. They can be mistaken for MS due to their similar symptoms. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between NMO antibody (NMO-Ab) and anti-MOG antibody (MOG-Ab) and the positivity of these antibodies in the general Indian population.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 40186 patients for Neuromyelitis Optica Antibodies serum and Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein antibodies serum. Additionally, 5762 patients were analyzed specifically for these antibodies in their cerebrospinal fluid. The study included patients of all ages, unaccounting for their clinical history, and was conducted between January 2019 and July 2023 at the Global Reference Lab.
Results : Overall, it was observed that MOG serum antibodies were more prevalent (18.59%) than NMO serum antibodies (8.12%). Females had a higher prevalence of NMO serum antibodies (13.23%) than males (2.16%), whereas the prevalence of MOG serum antibodies was similar in females (14.27%) and males (14.59%). The highest percentage of MOG serum positivity (31.40%) was observed in 1-12 years age group, and for NMO, it was 9.44% in the 19-30 years age group. The overlap in the positivity between NMO serum and CSF was 6.09% while for MOG serum and CSF, it was 3.86%. A concordance of 92.04% was observed for samples tested negative for NMO in serum as well as CSF. Only 2 cases of 259 cases tested for MOG antibodies showed negativity in serum but positivity in CSF.
Conclusion: The study highlights the prevalence of MOG and NMO antibodies in serum and CSF among patients with suspected or known autoimmune neurological disorders, with notable difference in positivity rates between genders for NMO antibodies. These findings underscore the importance of comprehensive antibody testing in the diagnosis and management of demyelinating diseases such as MOG-Ab NMOSD and AQP4-Ab NMOSD. Further research is warranted to explore the clinical implications of these antibodies and their role in guiding therapeutic interventions for affected individuals.
 

Keywords: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), Optic neuritis, Aquaporin­4 antibody, Antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG Ab), Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD)

How to cite : Almeida F J, Christy A, Jatale R, Ramchandran S, Prevalence of autoantibodies neuromyelitis optica (NMO igg) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) in NMOSD and the relationship between them in the general population. IP Indian J Neurosci 2024;10(4):190-196

This is an Open Access (OA) journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.